Перевод: с латинского на английский

с английского на латинский

to cause to drink

  • 1 poto

    pōto, āvi, ātum, or pōtum, 1, v. a. and n. [root po; Gr. pinô, pepôka, to drink; Lat. potus, potor, poculum, etc.].
    I.
    Act., to drink (ante-class. and post-Aug.; syn. bibo), Caecil. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 13:

    aquam,

    Suet. Ner. 48; Juv. 5, 52:

    vinum,

    Plin. 14, 5, 7, § 58:

    ut edormiscam hanc crapulam, quam potavi,

    this intoxication which I have drunk myself into, Plaut. Rud. 2, 7, 28.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Poet.
    a.
    Potare flumen aliquod, to drink from a stream, i. q. to dwell by it:

    fera, quae gelidum potat Araxen,

    Sen. Hippol. 57:

    stagna Tagi,

    Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 286.—
    b.
    Of inanim. subjects, [p. 1410] to drink up, to suck or draw in, to absorb moisture ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    vestis sudorem potat,

    Lucr. 4, 1128:

    potantia vellera fucum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 27:

    potanda ferens infantibus ubera,

    Juv. 6, 9; Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 134.—
    2.
    Causative (late Lat.), to give to drink, to cause to drink:

    potasti nos vino,

    Vulg. Psa. 59, 5:

    potaverunt me aceto,

    id. ib. 68, 22; id. Ecclus. 15, 3; id. Isa. 49, 10; id. Apoc. 14, 8.—
    II.
    Neutr., to drink.
    A.
    In gen. (class.):

    redi simul mecum potatum,

    Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 28:

    potaturus est apud me,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 5, 9:

    si potare velit,

    Cic. Brut. 83, 288: potare dilutius, id. Fragm. ap. Amm. 15, 12, 4:

    potum veniunt juvenci,

    Verg. E. 7, 11: cornibus, from or out of horns, Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 126.—Part.: potatus, caused to drink, furnished with drink:

    felle et aceto potatus,

    Tert. Spect. 30:

    et omnes in spiritu potati sunt,

    Vulg. 1 Cor. 12, 13.—
    B.
    In partic., to drink, tope, tipple (class.):

    obsonat, potat, olet unguenta de meo,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 37:

    ibi primum insuevit exercitus populi Romani amare, potare,

    Sall. C. 11, 6:

    frui voluptate potandi,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 118:

    totos dies potabatur,

    id. Phil. 2, 27, 67:

    potantibus his apud Sex. Tarquinium,

    Liv. 1, 57, 6 al. — Hence, pōtus, a, um, P. a.
    I.
    Act., that has drunk: et pransus sum, et potus sum, dicamus, Varr. ap. Gell. 2, 25, 7; but usually, drunken, intoxicated (class.):

    domum bene potus redire,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 22:

    inscitia pransi, poti, oscitantis ducis,

    id. Mil. 21, 56:

    anus,

    Hor. C. 4, 13, 5; id. S. 1, 3, 90. —
    II.
    Pass., that has been drunk, drunk, drunk up, drunk out, drained (class.):

    sanguine tauri poto,

    Cic. Brut. 11, 43:

    poti faece tenus cadi,

    Hor. C. 3, 15, 16:

    amygdalae ex aquā potae,

    Plin. 23, 8, 75, § 144.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > poto

  • 2 provoco

    prō-vŏco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n., to call forth, call out.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen. (very rare):

    aliquem,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 43:

    ut ubi illaec prodeat, me provoces,

    id. Mil. 4, 3, 28; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 40:

    mandant, ut ad se provocet Simonidem,

    Phaedr. 4, 23, 25:

    dum rota Luciferi provocet orta diem,

    lead up, call forth, Tib. 1, 9, 62:

    Memnonis mater roseo provocet ore diem,

    Ov. P. 1, 4, 58; cf. id. F. 1, 456:

    provocare et elicere novas radiculas,

    Col. 3, 15, 5.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To call out, challenge, invite one to any thing (as to play, sing, drink, fight, etc.):

    provocat me in aleam,

    challenged me to a game, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 75:

    pedibus,

    to a race, id. Ep. 5, 1, 58:

    aliquem tesseris,

    Macr. S. 1, 10:

    aliquem cantatum,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 53:

    aliquem ad pugnam,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 49; cf. Liv. 8, 7, and Flor. 2, 17, 11 Duker: duces nec prohibere paucos temere provocantis volebant, nec, etc., Liv. 23, 16, 4:

    et oleo et mero viros provocant,

    Sen. Ep. 95, 21:

    aliquem ad bibendum,

    Vop. Firm. 4.—
    2.
    In jurid. lang., to take a cause before a higher court, to appeal, make an appeal; in this signif. usually neutr., ad aliquem; act. only post-class., with the judge to whom the appeal is made as object (cf. appello).
    (α).
    Neutr.:

    ut de majestate damnati ad populum provocent,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 9, 21; cf.: quam id rectum sit, tu judicabis;

    ne ad Catonem quidem provocabo,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 7:

    provoco ad populum,

    Liv. 8, 33:

    arreptus a viatore, Provoco, inquit,

    I appeal, id. 3, 56:

    si a duumviris provocarit, provocatione certato,

    id. 1, 26, 6; 3, 56:

    ab omni judicio poenāque provocari licere,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54.—
    (β).
    Act., to appeal to a judge (post-class.):

    si judicem provocent,

    Dig. 8, 28, 6:

    si praefectus urbi judicem dederit, ipse erit provocandus, qui eum judicem dederit,

    ib. 49, 3, 1.—Also:

    provocare judicium ad populum,

    to bring the decision before the people by appeal, Val. Max. 8, 1, 1;

    rarely, aliquem ad judicem,

    to cite, summon before, App. Flor. p. 360, 24.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To challenge to a contest, to contend with, emulate, rival, vie with (post-Aug.):

    aliquem virtute,

    to vie with him in virtue, Plin. Ep. 2, 7, 4:

    elegia Graecos provocamus,

    Quint. 10, 1, 93; cf.:

    ea pictura naturam ipsam provocavit,

    Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 94.—Of things, Plin. 16, 8, 12, § 32:

    immensum latus Circi templorum pulchritudinem provocat,

    id. Pan. 51, 3.—
    B.
    To challenge, incite, provoke to any thing:

    felicitas temporum, quae bonam conscientiam civium tuorum ad usum indulgentiae tuae provocat,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 12 (7) fin.:

    omni comitate ad hilaritatem et jocum provocare,

    Suet. Calig. 27; id. Claud. 21:

    tacentes ad communionem sermonis,

    id. Aug. 74.—
    C.
    To excite, stimulate, exasperate, stir up, rouse with any thing (class.;

    syn.: irrito, lacesso): qui non solum a me provocatus sed etiam suā sponte solet, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 3:

    aliquem beneficio,

    id. Off. 1, 15, 48:

    sermonibus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 74:

    minis et verbis,

    Tac. H. 3, 24:

    bello,

    id. ib. 4, 17:

    injuriā,

    id. A. 14, 49 et saep.:

    ad iracundiam,

    Vulg. Isa. 63, 10; id. Deut. 4, 25. —
    D.
    To call forth, occasion, produce, cause:

    officia comitate,

    Tac. H. 5, 1:

    mortem tot modis,

    Plin. 19, praef. 1, §

    5: bellum,

    Tac. G. 35; Plin. Pan. 16.—
    E.
    (Acc. to I. B. 2.) To appeal to any thing, to cite as authority or proof (late Lat.):

    ad litteras Pudentillae,

    App. Mag. 84, p. 326, 40:

    ad Judaeorum Codices provocare,

    Aug. Serm. 202, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > provoco

  • 3 dūcō

        dūcō ūxī (dūxtī, Ct., Pr.), uctus, ere    [DVC-], to lead, conduct, guide, direct, draw, bring, fetch, escort: secum mulierculas: vix quā singuli carri ducerentur, Cs.: Curru Victorem, H.: ducente deo, under the conduct of, V.: mucronem, from the scabbard, V.: ferrum vaginā, O.: bracchia (of the bow), bend, V.: sors ducitur: ductus Neptuno sorte sacerdos, for Neptune, V.: pondus aratri, draw, O.: remos, row, O.: lanas, spin, O.: ubera, milk, O.: frena manu, govern, O.: ilia, i. e. be broken-winded, H.: os, make wry faces: te magna inter praemia, to great glory, V.: sibi quisque ducere, trahere, appropriate, S. — Of a road or path, to lead, conduct: quā te ducit via, V.: iter ad urbem, O.: via quae sublicio ponte ducit ad laniculum, L. — With se, to betake oneself, go: se duxit foras, T.—Of offenders, to take, arrest, lead away, drag, carry off: in ius debitorem, L.: duci in carcerem: ad mortem: Fuficium duci iussit, to be imprisoned: ductum se ab creditore in ergastulum, Cs.—Of a wife, to lead home, take, marry: inopem (uxorem) domum. T.: uxorem filiam Scipionis: filiam Orgetorigis in matrimonium, Cs.: ex quā domo in matrimonium, L.: tibi ducitur uxor, V.: qui ducat abest, the bridegroom, O.: Conlegam Lepidum, wedded, H.—Of a commander, to lead, guide, cause to move, march: locis apertis exercitum, Cs.: cohortīs ad eam partem, etc., Cs.: sex legiones expeditas, led forward, Cs.: navem contra praedones: per triumphum alquem ante currum (of a prisoner): quam in partem aut quo consilio ducerentur, march, Cs.: ducit quam proxime ad hostem potest, moves, L. — To lead, command, be commander of: quā in legatione duxit exercitum: primum pilum ad Caesarem, in Caesar's army, Cs.: exercitūs partem ipse ducebat, S.: agmina, V.— To lead, be leader of, be the head of, be first in: familiam: ordines: toros, O.— To take in, inhale, drink, quaff, imbibe: spiritum: tura naribus, H.: pocula, H.: somnos, V.: ab ipso animum ferro, H. — To produce, form, construct, make, fashion, shape, mould, cast, dispose: parietem per vestibulum sororis, to erect: muros, H.: vallum ex castris ad aquam, Cs.: voltūs de marmore, V.: aera, H.: (litteram) in pulvere, draw, O.: mores, Iu.: alapam sibi gravem, Ph.: epos, spin out, H.: carmen, O.: Pocula ducentia somnos, H.— Of processions, etc., to conduct, marshal, lead, accompany: funus: triumphos, V.: choros, H.: ludos et inania honoris, Ta. — To receive, admit, take, get, assume: ubi primum ducta cicatrix (i. e. obducta), L.: rimam, O.: colorem, V.: pallorem, to grow pale, O.: Cānentem senectam, V.: nomina, H. — Fig., to lead, guide, draw, conduct: quo te sapientia duceret, H.: Ad strepitum citharae cessatum ducere curam (i. e. ut cessat), H.: Triste per augurium pectora, i. e. fill with forebodings, V.: totum poëma, carries off, i. e. makes acceptable, H.: series rerum ducta ab origine gentis, followed, V.— To draw, deduce, derive: ab aliquā re totius vitae exordium: ab dis inmortalibus principia: genus Olympo, V.: utrumque (amor et amicitia) ductum est ab amando.— To lead, move, incite, induce, allure, charm: me ad credendum: ducit te species, H.: Quo ducit gula, H.: lumina in errorem, O.: si quis earum (statuarum) honore ducitur. — To mislead, cheat, deceive: me istis dictis, T.: lino et hamis piscīs, O.—In time, to draw out, extend, protract, prolong, spend: bellum, Cs.: in ducendo bello tempus terere, L.: longas in fletum voces, V.: rem prope in noctem, Cs.: ut ita tempus duceretur, ut, etc.: vitam, live long, V.: ubi se diutius duci intellexit, put off, Cs.: aetatem in litteris, spend. — To calculate, compute, reckon: quoniam XC medimnūm duximus. — To reckon, consider, hold, account, esteem, regard: eum hominem, T.: filium adsistere turpe ducunt, Cs.: pericula parvi esse ducenda: ea pro falsis ducit, S.: si quis despicatui ducitur: deorum numero eos ducunt Cs.: modestiam in conscientiam, construe as, S.: nil rectum nisi quod placuit sibi, H.: Sic equidem ducebam animo futurum, V.: omnia tua in te posita esse: quae mox usu fore ducebat, expected, S.— To regard, care for, have respect to (only with rationem): suam quoque rationem ducere, one's own advantage: non ullius rationem sui commodi.
    * * *
    I
    ducere, additional forms V
    lead, command; think, consider, regard; prolong
    II
    ducere, duxi, ductus V
    lead, command; think, consider, regard; prolong

    Latin-English dictionary > dūcō

  • 4 fermentum

        fermentum ī, n    [FVR-], a means of fermentation, yeast: panis nullo fermento, Ta.— A fermented drink, malt liquor, beer, V.—Fig., a provocation: istud Fermentum tibi habe, i. e. put that in your pipe, Iu.
    * * *
    fermentation, levening (process/cause); yeast; ferment/passion; sour/spoil

    Latin-English dictionary > fermentum

  • 5 compleo

    com-plĕo ( conp-), ēvi, ētum, 2 (contr. forms: complerunt, complerint, complerat, complesse, etc., for compleverunt, etc., very often), v. a. [pleo, whence suppleo, plenus], to fill up, fill full, fill out (class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Lit., of material objects.
    A.
    In gen., with acc. of place, vessel, etc., filled.
    (α).
    Alone:

    hostes fossam complent,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 40; Auct. B. Hisp. 16; Tac. H. 2, 25:

    tune aut inane quicquam putes esse, cum ita conpleta et conferta sint omnia, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

    metu, ne compleantur navigia,

    Liv. 41, 3, 2:

    deducunt socii navis et litora conplent,

    Verg. A. 3, 71:

    conplebant Laidos aedes (amatores),

    Prop. 2, 6, 1:

    corpora quae loca complerent,

    occupy space, Lucr. 1, 522:

    legiones cum loca Camporum complent,

    id. 2, 324:

    milites complent murum,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 27:

    vigiles domum Flavii complevere,

    Tac. H. 3, 69; id. A. 15, 33:

    scrobem ad medium,

    Col. Arb. 4, 5:

    non bene urnam,

    Ov. M. 12, 616:

    vascula,

    Quint. 1, 2, 28:

    paginam,

    to fill out, write full, Cic. Att. 13, 34 fin.:

    speluncas, of the winds,

    Lucr. 6, 197.—
    (β).
    With abl. of material, etc.:

    fossas sarmentis et virgultis,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 18:

    totum prope caelum... humano genere conpletum est,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28:

    mundum animorum multitudine,

    id. Div. 2, 58, 119:

    bestiis omnium gentium circum conplere,

    Liv. 44, 9, 4:

    naufragorum trepidatione passim natantium flumen conpleverunt,

    id. 42, 62, 6:

    Hispanias Gallias Italiam monumentis ingentium rerum,

    id. 30, 28, 4:

    quos (gradus) ubi accusator concitatis hominibus complerat,

    Cic. Clu. 34, 93:

    munus Apolline dignum libris,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 217:

    late loca milite,

    Verg. A. 2, 495:

    naves serpentibus,

    Nep. Hann. 11, 6:

    amphoras plumbo,

    id. ib. 9, 3:

    statuas aëneas pecuniā,

    id. ib. 9, 3:

    horrea messibus,

    Luc. 3, 66:

    complentur moenia et tecta maerentium turbā,

    Tac. A. 3, 1:

    Palatium multitudine et clamoribus complebant,

    id. ib. 14, 61:

    virgultibus et cratibus et corporibus exanimis complere lossas,

    id. ib. 4, 51; cf.

    also: et terrae... stirpium renovatione complentur,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128.—
    (γ).
    With gen.:

    conviviumque vicinorum cottidie conpleo,

    Cic. Sen. 14, 46:

    cum completus jam mercatorum carcer esset,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147:

    quae causa... ararum conpleverit urbis,

    Lucr. 5, 1162.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    In milit. lang.
    a.
    To make the army, a legion, etc., of a full number, to complete, fill up:

    legiones in itinere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 25:

    cohortes pro numero militum complet,

    Sall. C. 56, 1; Nep. Milt. 5, 1:

    legione completā per maniplos,

    Sil. 8, 119.—
    b.
    To man, fill with men:

    classem Romanam sociis navalibus,

    Liv. 24, 11, 9:

    naves colonis pastoribusque,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 56; cf.:

    has (naves) sagittariis tormentisque compleverunt,

    id. ib. 2, 4:

    naves bis denas aut plures,

    Verg. A. 11, 327 Serv.—
    2.
    To fill, impregnate:

    alias (mulieres),

    Lucr. 4, 1249; 4, 1275.—
    3.
    Transf., of light, sound, etc. (freq.).
    a.
    To fill with light, maké full:

    ut cuncta suā luce conpleat (sol),

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

    mundum suā luce,

    id. N. D. 2, 46, 119:

    terras largā luce,

    id. ib. 2, 19, 43:

    orbem (luna),

    Tib. 2, 4, 18:

    lunae se cornua lumine complent,

    Verg. A. 3, 645:

    quod maria ac terras omnis caelumque rigando Conpleat (sol),

    Lucr. 5, 595.—
    b.
    To fill with sound, cause to resound, etc., to fill, make full:

    omnia clamoribus,

    Lucr. 4, 1014:

    omnia vocibus,

    id. 5, 1065:

    nemus querellis,

    id. 2, 358; cf.:

    nemus timendā voce,

    Hor. Epod. 6, 9:

    aëra tinnitibus et murmure,

    Ov. M. 14, 537:

    atria ululatu,

    id. ib. 5, 153:

    atria fremitu,

    id. ib. 5, 3 et saep.:

    fremitu aequora,

    Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 37:

    aures (sonus),

    Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf. id. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    caelum clamore,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 798: aures sermonibus, Claud. Cons. Prob. et Olyb. 31: clamor omnia variis terrentium ac paventium vocibus complet, Liv. 5, 21, 11.—
    c.
    Of odors, etc.:

    omnia primo motu ac spiritu suo, vini, unguenti, corporis odore complesset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 31; cf. Veg. Vet. 1, 17, 3. —
    4.
    Transf., to cover, overwhelm:

    Dianam (i. e. simulacrum) coronis et floribus,

    i. e. to deck, adorn, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77:

    vortentibus Telebois telis conplebantur corpora,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 95.—
    5.
    To fill, sate with food or drink:

    multo cibo et potione,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

    se flore Liberi,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8:

    haec avis scribitur conchis se solere conplere,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 124.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To supply fully, furnish abundantly:

    exercitum omni copiā,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25 fin. —
    B.
    To fill with any notion, story, desire, humor, passion:

    completi sunt animi auresque vestrae, me... obsistere, etc.,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    reliquos (milites) bonā spe,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 21:

    aliquem gaudio,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 69:

    taedio,

    Quint. 8, 6, 14:

    animos robore,

    Luc. 5, 412:

    omnia luctu,

    Sall. C. 51, 9:

    omnia terrore,

    Liv. 34, 9, 13:

    cuncta pavore,

    Curt. 3, 13, 10 al. —With gen.:

    aliquem erroris et dementiae,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 9:

    aliquem flagitii et formidinis,

    id. Men. 5, 5, 3.—
    C.
    To make complete or perfect, to finish; of a promise, to fulfil it:

    lustrationem (annuam) menstruo spatio (luna),

    Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87; cf. Verg. A. 5, 46:

    his rebus completis legiones reduci jussit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 46 (Dinter, ex conj., comparatis):

    nocturnum erat sacrum, ita ut ante mediam noctem conpleretur,

    Liv. 23, 35, 15:

    studia,

    Gell. 13, 5:

    conplent ea beatissimam vitam,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 71; cf. id. ib. 3, 13, 43; id. Tusc. 5, 16, 47:

    summam promissi,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 49, § 116:

    rerum humanarum sorte completā,

    Curt. 10, 6, 6 al. —
    2.
    Of time, to finish, complete:

    Gorgias centum et septem conplevit annos,

    Cic. Sen. 5, 13:

    cum VII. et LXX. annos complesset,

    Nep. Att. 21, 1:

    Corvinus centesimum annum complevit,

    Val. Max. 8, 13, 1; Lact. Op. Dei, 4, 3; cf.:

    sua fata,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 77:

    sua tempora,

    id. M. 15, 816:

    quinque saecula vitae suae,

    id. ib. 15, 395:

    materna tempora,

    i. e. the time of pregnancy, id. ib. 3, 312; cf. id. ib. 11, 311:

    semel quadrigis, semel desultore misso, vix unius horae tempus utrumque curriculum conplebat,

    Liv. 44, 9, 4.—Hence, complētus, a, um, P. a.
    * A.
    Prop., filled full, full: alveus Tiberis ruderibus, * Suet. Aug. 30.—
    B.
    Trop., complete, perfect:

    completus et perfectus verborum ambitus,

    Cic. Or. 50, 168.—
    * Comp., Gell. 1, 7, 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > compleo

  • 6 conpleo

    com-plĕo ( conp-), ēvi, ētum, 2 (contr. forms: complerunt, complerint, complerat, complesse, etc., for compleverunt, etc., very often), v. a. [pleo, whence suppleo, plenus], to fill up, fill full, fill out (class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Lit., of material objects.
    A.
    In gen., with acc. of place, vessel, etc., filled.
    (α).
    Alone:

    hostes fossam complent,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 40; Auct. B. Hisp. 16; Tac. H. 2, 25:

    tune aut inane quicquam putes esse, cum ita conpleta et conferta sint omnia, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

    metu, ne compleantur navigia,

    Liv. 41, 3, 2:

    deducunt socii navis et litora conplent,

    Verg. A. 3, 71:

    conplebant Laidos aedes (amatores),

    Prop. 2, 6, 1:

    corpora quae loca complerent,

    occupy space, Lucr. 1, 522:

    legiones cum loca Camporum complent,

    id. 2, 324:

    milites complent murum,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 27:

    vigiles domum Flavii complevere,

    Tac. H. 3, 69; id. A. 15, 33:

    scrobem ad medium,

    Col. Arb. 4, 5:

    non bene urnam,

    Ov. M. 12, 616:

    vascula,

    Quint. 1, 2, 28:

    paginam,

    to fill out, write full, Cic. Att. 13, 34 fin.:

    speluncas, of the winds,

    Lucr. 6, 197.—
    (β).
    With abl. of material, etc.:

    fossas sarmentis et virgultis,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 18:

    totum prope caelum... humano genere conpletum est,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 28:

    mundum animorum multitudine,

    id. Div. 2, 58, 119:

    bestiis omnium gentium circum conplere,

    Liv. 44, 9, 4:

    naufragorum trepidatione passim natantium flumen conpleverunt,

    id. 42, 62, 6:

    Hispanias Gallias Italiam monumentis ingentium rerum,

    id. 30, 28, 4:

    quos (gradus) ubi accusator concitatis hominibus complerat,

    Cic. Clu. 34, 93:

    munus Apolline dignum libris,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 217:

    late loca milite,

    Verg. A. 2, 495:

    naves serpentibus,

    Nep. Hann. 11, 6:

    amphoras plumbo,

    id. ib. 9, 3:

    statuas aëneas pecuniā,

    id. ib. 9, 3:

    horrea messibus,

    Luc. 3, 66:

    complentur moenia et tecta maerentium turbā,

    Tac. A. 3, 1:

    Palatium multitudine et clamoribus complebant,

    id. ib. 14, 61:

    virgultibus et cratibus et corporibus exanimis complere lossas,

    id. ib. 4, 51; cf.

    also: et terrae... stirpium renovatione complentur,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128.—
    (γ).
    With gen.:

    conviviumque vicinorum cottidie conpleo,

    Cic. Sen. 14, 46:

    cum completus jam mercatorum carcer esset,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147:

    quae causa... ararum conpleverit urbis,

    Lucr. 5, 1162.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    In milit. lang.
    a.
    To make the army, a legion, etc., of a full number, to complete, fill up:

    legiones in itinere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 25:

    cohortes pro numero militum complet,

    Sall. C. 56, 1; Nep. Milt. 5, 1:

    legione completā per maniplos,

    Sil. 8, 119.—
    b.
    To man, fill with men:

    classem Romanam sociis navalibus,

    Liv. 24, 11, 9:

    naves colonis pastoribusque,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 56; cf.:

    has (naves) sagittariis tormentisque compleverunt,

    id. ib. 2, 4:

    naves bis denas aut plures,

    Verg. A. 11, 327 Serv.—
    2.
    To fill, impregnate:

    alias (mulieres),

    Lucr. 4, 1249; 4, 1275.—
    3.
    Transf., of light, sound, etc. (freq.).
    a.
    To fill with light, maké full:

    ut cuncta suā luce conpleat (sol),

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

    mundum suā luce,

    id. N. D. 2, 46, 119:

    terras largā luce,

    id. ib. 2, 19, 43:

    orbem (luna),

    Tib. 2, 4, 18:

    lunae se cornua lumine complent,

    Verg. A. 3, 645:

    quod maria ac terras omnis caelumque rigando Conpleat (sol),

    Lucr. 5, 595.—
    b.
    To fill with sound, cause to resound, etc., to fill, make full:

    omnia clamoribus,

    Lucr. 4, 1014:

    omnia vocibus,

    id. 5, 1065:

    nemus querellis,

    id. 2, 358; cf.:

    nemus timendā voce,

    Hor. Epod. 6, 9:

    aëra tinnitibus et murmure,

    Ov. M. 14, 537:

    atria ululatu,

    id. ib. 5, 153:

    atria fremitu,

    id. ib. 5, 3 et saep.:

    fremitu aequora,

    Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 37:

    aures (sonus),

    Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf. id. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    caelum clamore,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 798: aures sermonibus, Claud. Cons. Prob. et Olyb. 31: clamor omnia variis terrentium ac paventium vocibus complet, Liv. 5, 21, 11.—
    c.
    Of odors, etc.:

    omnia primo motu ac spiritu suo, vini, unguenti, corporis odore complesset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 31; cf. Veg. Vet. 1, 17, 3. —
    4.
    Transf., to cover, overwhelm:

    Dianam (i. e. simulacrum) coronis et floribus,

    i. e. to deck, adorn, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77:

    vortentibus Telebois telis conplebantur corpora,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 95.—
    5.
    To fill, sate with food or drink:

    multo cibo et potione,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

    se flore Liberi,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8:

    haec avis scribitur conchis se solere conplere,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 124.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To supply fully, furnish abundantly:

    exercitum omni copiā,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25 fin. —
    B.
    To fill with any notion, story, desire, humor, passion:

    completi sunt animi auresque vestrae, me... obsistere, etc.,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    reliquos (milites) bonā spe,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 21:

    aliquem gaudio,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 69:

    taedio,

    Quint. 8, 6, 14:

    animos robore,

    Luc. 5, 412:

    omnia luctu,

    Sall. C. 51, 9:

    omnia terrore,

    Liv. 34, 9, 13:

    cuncta pavore,

    Curt. 3, 13, 10 al. —With gen.:

    aliquem erroris et dementiae,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 9:

    aliquem flagitii et formidinis,

    id. Men. 5, 5, 3.—
    C.
    To make complete or perfect, to finish; of a promise, to fulfil it:

    lustrationem (annuam) menstruo spatio (luna),

    Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87; cf. Verg. A. 5, 46:

    his rebus completis legiones reduci jussit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 46 (Dinter, ex conj., comparatis):

    nocturnum erat sacrum, ita ut ante mediam noctem conpleretur,

    Liv. 23, 35, 15:

    studia,

    Gell. 13, 5:

    conplent ea beatissimam vitam,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 71; cf. id. ib. 3, 13, 43; id. Tusc. 5, 16, 47:

    summam promissi,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 49, § 116:

    rerum humanarum sorte completā,

    Curt. 10, 6, 6 al. —
    2.
    Of time, to finish, complete:

    Gorgias centum et septem conplevit annos,

    Cic. Sen. 5, 13:

    cum VII. et LXX. annos complesset,

    Nep. Att. 21, 1:

    Corvinus centesimum annum complevit,

    Val. Max. 8, 13, 1; Lact. Op. Dei, 4, 3; cf.:

    sua fata,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 77:

    sua tempora,

    id. M. 15, 816:

    quinque saecula vitae suae,

    id. ib. 15, 395:

    materna tempora,

    i. e. the time of pregnancy, id. ib. 3, 312; cf. id. ib. 11, 311:

    semel quadrigis, semel desultore misso, vix unius horae tempus utrumque curriculum conplebat,

    Liv. 44, 9, 4.—Hence, complētus, a, um, P. a.
    * A.
    Prop., filled full, full: alveus Tiberis ruderibus, * Suet. Aug. 30.—
    B.
    Trop., complete, perfect:

    completus et perfectus verborum ambitus,

    Cic. Or. 50, 168.—
    * Comp., Gell. 1, 7, 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conpleo

  • 7 duco

    dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imp. duc;

    but duce,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 18; id. Most. 1, 4, 11; id. Poen. 5, 4, 59; id. Rud. 2, 3, 55; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103; id. Truc. 2, 5, 26.— Perf. sync.: duxti, Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Cat. 91, 9; Prop. 1, 3, 27), v. a. [cf. Goth. tiuh-an; O. H. Germ. zieh-an, to draw; Germ. -zog, in Herzog, commander, duke], to lead, conduct, draw, bring forward, in all senses; very freq. passing over into the signif. of the compounds abducere, deducere, adducere, producere, etc., and of the synonyms agere, trahere, movere, etc. (very freq.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    quo sequar? quo ducis nunc me?

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 2: duc hos intro, id. Am. 2, 2, 224; id. Aul. 2, 6, 13:

    duc ac demonstra mihi,

    id. Cist. 2, 3, 36:

    suas secum mulierculas sunt in castra ducturi,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 10 fin.; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 5 fin. et saep.:

    (difficile iter) vix qua singuli carri ducerentur,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 1; cf.

    plaustra,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 34: aquam ducere, Cato ap. Charis. p. 192 P.; so,

    aquam per fundum ejus,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4:

    spiritum naribus,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 5: so,

    spiritum per siccas fauces,

    Sen. Ben. 3, 8; cf.:

    aërem spiritu,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 6 fin.:

    animam spiritu,

    id. ib. 2, 54, 136; and in gen.: spiritum, for to live, id. Fam. 10, 1; cf.:

    vitam et spiritum,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:

    tura naribus,

    to inhale, Hor. C. 4, 1, 22:

    sucos nectaris,

    to drink in full draughts, to quaff, id. ib. 3, 3, 34; cf.

    pocula,

    id. ib. 1, 17, 22; and:

    Liberum,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 14.— Poet.:

    jucunda oblivia vitae (referring to the waters of Lethe),

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 62 (cf. Verg. A. 6, 714 sq.) et saep.:

    mucronem,

    to draw from the scabbard, Verg. A. 12, 378; cf.:

    ferrum vaginā,

    Ov. F. 4, 929:

    ensem vagina,

    Sil. 8, 342;

    but: ensem duxerat faber,

    had beaten out, forged, Tib. 1, 3, 48:

    sortem,

    Cic. Div. 2, 33; Verg. A. 6, 22;

    hence, also transf. of that which is drawn by lot,

    Cic. Div. 1, 18, 34; id. Rep. 1, 34; Suet. Caes. 12; Tac. A. 1, 54; 3, 28 al.:

    pondus aratri,

    to draw, Ov. M. 7, 119:

    remos,

    to row, id. ib. 1, 294; cf. id. ib. 4, 353:

    numerosa brachia,

    in dancing, id. Am. 2, 4, 29:

    lanas,

    to spin, id. ib. 4, 34; cf.

    stamina,

    id. ib. 4, 221:

    ubera,

    to milk, id. ib. 9, 358:

    frena manu,

    to guide, govern, id. ib. 15, 518: vela, to haul (= navigare), Prop. 1, 6, 2:

    manus, of swimming,

    id. 3, 20, 2:

    ilia,

    to draw the flanks together, become broken-winded, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9:

    os,

    to draw awry, to make wry faces, Cic. Or. 25 fin.; Quint. 9, 3, 101; cf.

    vultum,

    Ov. M. 2, 774; id. P. 4, 8, 13; Mart. 1, 41 et saep.:

    non equus impiger Curru ducet Achaico Victorem,

    to draw along, Hor. C. 4, 3, 5; cf. id. Ep. 1, 1, 93.— Absol.:

    sibi quisque ducere, trahere, rapere,

    to take to one's self, appropriate, Sall. J. 41, 5.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    To lead, conduct, as a way or road:

    via ducit (te), in urbem?

    Verg. E. 9, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 7, 5; Verg. A. 1, 401; Ov. F. 2, 679:

    Brundisium Minuci melius via ducat an Appi,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 20:

    via ad undas,

    Ov. M. 3, 602:

    via ad infernas sedes,

    id. ib. 4, 433; cf.:

    iter ad urbem,

    id. ib. 437; Curt. 3, 28, 19; Sen. Prov. 6, 7; id. Vit. Beat. 1; Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 111; Quint. 5, 9, 14; Liv. 5, 40, 8 al.—
    2.
    Se, in colloq. lang., to betake one's self, go:

    jam me ad regem recta ducam,

    Plaut. Am. 4, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 8, 8; id. Bacch. 4, 2, 11; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 7: Balbus duxit se a Gadibus, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 1.—
    3.
    A legal t. t., to take, lead away, drag, carry off a person before court, to prison, to punishment, etc.: POST. DEINDE. MANVS. INIECTIO. ESTO. IN. IVS. DVCITO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; so,

    in jus,

    Liv. 2, 27:

    illos duci in carcerem jubent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 30:

    aliquem in carcerem,

    Suet. Caes. 20:

    in vincula,

    id. ib. 79:

    ad mortem,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Phoc. 4, 3; and absol.:

    ducite, ubi capiat, etc.,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 65; Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 14; Suet. Calig. 27; Plin. Ep. 10, 97, 3 al.: NI. IVDICATVM. FACIT. AVT. QVIS. ENDO. EM. IVRE. VINDICIT. SECVM. DVCITO. VINCITO, etc., XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45:

    decreta ejus modi: SI PETIT DUCAS. C. Fuficium duci jussit petitorem,

    to be imprisoned, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31; so of a debtor (addictus) who is led off as a slave, Novat. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 255; Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 87; Cic. Fl. 20 fin.; Liv. 6, 14 sq.; cf. id. 2, 23 med.; cf.

    prov.: stultitiast venatum ducere invitas canes,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 83. —
    4.
    Uxorem, to lead a wife home, i. e. to marry:

    bona uxor si ea deducta est, etc.... Verum egon eam ducam domum, Quae, etc.?

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 91:

    uxorem domum,

    id. Aul. 2, 1, 40; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 68:

    filiam Orgetorigis in matrimonium,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 9, 3; cf. Liv. 4, 4:

    eum uxorem ducturum esse aliam,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 105:

    uxorem (or aliquam, filiam alicujus, etc.),

    id. Aul. 2, 1, 48; id. Cas. prol. 69 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 128; 2, 1, 21 et saep.; Cic. Sest. 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 4; id. B. C. 3, 110, 2; Verg. E. 8, 29; Vulg. Marc. 10, 11 et saep.— Absol.:

    si tu negaris ducere,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 5; 2, 3, 9; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 76; Liv. 4, 4 al.: jugum ducere cum infidelibus, i. e. to be yoked in marriage, Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 14.—Rarely for nubere: si ignorans statum Erotis ut liberum duxisti, isque postea servus est judicatus, etc., Imp. Antonin. ap. Cod. Just. 5, 18, 3.—In the comic poets, of taking home prostitutes, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 35; 4, 2, 44; id. Men. 1, 2, 15; id. Stich. 5, 4, 48; id. Truc. 3, 2, 10 et saep.—
    5.
    In milit. lang.
    a.
    Said of a commander, to lead, to cause to move, to march his army in any direction:

    locis apertis exercitum ducere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 41, 4; cf. id. B. C. 1, 64 fin.; 1, 68, 1:

    exercitum ab Allobrogibus in Segusianos,

    id. B. G. 1, 10 fin.:

    exercitum in fines Suessionum,

    id. ib. 2, 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 4, 38, 3;

    5, 18, 1: exercitum (legiones, etc.) in Bellovacos,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 1; 5, 24, 2 et saep.; cf. Tac. A. 2, 57:

    cohortes ad eam partem munitionum, quae, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 62, 2:

    exercitum Uticam,

    id. ib. 2, 26, 1:

    reliquas copias contra Labienum,

    id. B. G. 7, 61 fin. et saep.—In pass., of the soldiers, to march, move:

    quam in partem aut quo consilio ducerentur,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 2.—And in act., absol., of the general himself, to march, move (a favorite expression of Liv.;

    not in Caes. or Sall.): (Mettus) ducit, quam proxime ad hostem potest,

    Liv. 1, 23; 1, 27; 9, 35; 22, 18 et saep.—Hence,
    b.
    In gen., to lead, command an army or (more freq.) a division:

    qua in legatione duxit exercitum,

    Cic. Mur. 9, 20; so,

    exercitum,

    Nep. Eum. 13, 1; id. Epam. 7, 3:

    qui superiore anno primum pilum duxerat,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 35, 6; 6, 38, 1; id. B. C. 3, 91, 1:

    ordinem,

    id. ib. 1, 13, 4; 3, 104, 3; Suet. Vesp. 1:

    partem exercitūs,

    Sall. J. 55, 4 et saep.—Rarely, to lead a division in front, in advance:

    consuetudine sua Caesar sex legiones expeditas ducebat: post eas... inde, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 19, 2; hence also, to march in front, take the lead, said of the division that forms the van:

    pars equitum et auxiliariae cohortes ducebant, mox prima legio, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 51; cf. id. ib. 1, 64 fin. —
    (β).
    Transf. beyond the milit. sphere, to lead, to be leader, head, chief, first in any thing:

    accedit etiam, quod familiam ducit,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 5 fin. Manut.; so,

    familiam,

    id. Phil. 5, 11, 30; id. Fin. 4, 16, 45:

    ordines,

    id. Phil. 1, 8, 20:

    classem (discipulorum),

    Quint. 1, 2, 24 Spald.:

    funus,

    Hor. Epod. 8, 12:

    toros,

    Ov. F. 6, 668 et saep.—
    c.
    To conduct as prisoners in a triumph:

    per triumphum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 67:

    in triumpho,

    Plin. 7, 43, 45, § 139, v. triumphus.—
    6.
    With the accessory idea of creation, formation, to produce, form, construct, make, fashion, shape, dispose (cf.:

    struo, pono, condo, fundo): parietem per vestibulum alicujus,

    to erect, Cic. Mil. 27 fin.; cf.

    muros,

    Hor. C. 4, 6, 23:

    vallum ex castris ad aquam,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 73, 2:

    fossam,

    id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; 7, 73, 2:

    arcum,

    Ov. M. 3, 160:

    lateres de terra,

    Vitr. 2, 3:

    vivos vultus de marmore (with excudere spirantia aera),

    Verg. A. 6, 849; cf. id. ib. 7, 634; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 240; Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125; Quint. 10, 3, 18 Spald.; Juv. 7, 237; hence, poet. also:

    epos,

    Hor. S. 1, 10, 44:

    carmen,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 18; 3, 14, 32:

    versus,

    id. ib. 5, 12, 63 et saep.:

    liniam ex colore,

    Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 81; Quint. 2, 6, 2; cf.

    orbem,

    id. 11, 3, 118:

    alvum,

    to bring forth by clysters, Cels. 2, 12; 4, 4 et saep.: alapam alicui, qs. to fetch one a box on the ear, Phaedr. 5, 3, 2; cf.

    colaphum,

    Quint. 6, 3, 83 Spald.:

    pugnum,

    Dig. 47, 10, 4 et saep.;

    so esp. of processions, dances, etc.: funus,

    Cic. Quint. 15 fin.; Ov. M. 14, 746; Verg. G. 4, 256; cf.

    exsequias,

    Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 154:

    pompam,

    Ov. H. 12, 152; id. F. 6, 405; id. M. 13, 699:

    choros,

    Tib. 2, 1, 56; Hor. C. 1, 4, 5; 4, 7, 6 et saep.; cf.

    choreas,

    Ov. M. 8, 582; 14, 520.—
    7.
    To receive, admit, take any thing (not ante-Aug.):

    cicatricem,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 66; Liv. 29, 32, 12:

    rimam,

    Ov. M. 4, 65:

    situm,

    to grow rusty, Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    formam,

    Ov. M. 1, 402:

    colorem,

    id. ib. 3, 485; cf.

    pallorem,

    to grow pale, id. ib. 8, 760:

    nomina,

    Hor. C. 3, 27, 76:

    notam,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 59 et saep.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to lead, guide, draw, conduct:

    progredimur quo ducit quemque voluntas,

    Lucr. 2, 258; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 27; 1, 6, 57:

    ad strepitum citharae cessatum ducere curam,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 31:

    Liber vota bonos ducit ad exitus,

    id. C. 4, 8, 34; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 26:

    per quaedam parva sane ducant (futurum oratorem),

    id. 1, 10, 5; cf. id. 1, 1, 27; 1, 5, 58.—Prov.:

    ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt,

    Sen. Ep. 107.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To draw, deduce, [p. 616] derive its origin or beginning from, any thing:

    ab aliqua re totius vitae ducere exordium,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 7, 18; cf.:

    exordium a nostra persona,

    Quint. 3, 8, 8; 4, 1, 7:

    principium disputationis a principe investigandae veritatis,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 21 fin.:

    belli initium a fame,

    id. Att. 9, 9, 2; cf. Quint. 1, 1, 21:

    initia causasque omnium ex quatuor temporum mutationibus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

    originem ab Isocrate,

    Quint. 2, 15, 4; 1, 6, 38; Hor. C. 3, 17, 5 al.:

    ingressionem non ex oratoriis disputationibus, sed, etc.,

    Cic. Or. 3, 11:

    honestum ab iis rebus,

    id. Off. 1, 18, 60; id. Or. 39, 135:

    nomen ex quo,

    id. Ac. 11, 41; cf.:

    nomen a Graeco,

    Quint. 1, 6, 3; 3, 7, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 66 et saep.; cf.

    also: utrumque (sc. amor et amicitia) ductum (al. dictum) est ab amando,

    Cic. Lael. 27; id. Fin. 2, 24, 78.—
    2.
    To lead a person, as regards his will or opinions, in any direction; to move, incite, induce, allure, in a good or bad sense (most freq. in the pass.):

    ita me ad credendum tua ducit oratio,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 18:

    nos ducit scholarum consuetudo,

    Quint. 4, 2, 28; 5, 11, 19; cf. id. 9, 1, 21:

    ducit te species,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 35 et saep.:

    declamatores quosdam perversa ducit ambitio, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 10, 7, 21.—In the pass.:

    si quis statuarum honore aut gloria ducitur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58 fin.:

    eloquentiae laude,

    id. Or. 32, 115:

    quaestu et lucro,

    id. Tusc. 5, 3, 9:

    hoc errore ut, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 41; cf.:

    litteris eorum et urbanitate, ut, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 41, 120:

    omnes trahimur et ducimur ad cognitionis et scientiae cupiditatem,

    id. Off. 1, 6 et saep.—
    b.
    In a bad sense, to cheat, deceive, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 26; id. Capt. 4, 2, 7; Ter. And. 4, 1, 20; id. Ph. 3, 2, 15; Prop. 2, 17, 1 (3, 8, 1 M.); Ov. H. 19, 13; id. M. 3, 587 (with decipere).—
    3.
    With regard to time, to draw out, extend, protract, prolong:

    bellum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 38, 4; id. B. C. 2, 18, 6; 2, 37, 5 sq.; Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; Liv. 22, 25 et saep.; cf.:

    bellum longius,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 64, 2; 3, 42, 3:

    bellum in hiemem,

    id. ib. 1, 61, 3:

    eam rem longius,

    id. B. G. 7, 11, 4; cf.:

    rem prope in noctem,

    id. B. C. 3, 51, 7:

    rem leniter,

    Liv. 3, 41 et saep. Also transf., of time itself:

    tempus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11; Nep. Them. 7:

    diem ex die,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 4; and of persons who are put off, delayed:

    ubi se diutius duci intellexit,

    id. ib. 1, 16, 5.—Less freq. (mostly poet.),
    b.
    In gen., of time, to pass, spend, enjoy:

    aetatem in litteris,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 50; so,

    aetatem,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 202:

    vitam,

    id. Epod. 17, 63; Sen. Ep. 45, 10; cf. Verg. A. 2, 641 (where, shortly before, vitam producere):

    noctes,

    Prop. 1, 11, 5; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 13:

    somnos,

    Verg. A. 4, 560.—
    4.
    In mercant. lang., to calculate, compute, reckon: age nunc summam sumptus duc, Lucil. ap. Non. 283, 30:

    minimum ut sequamur, quoniam XC. medimnūm milia duximus, accedant eo, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 49; id. Att. 6, 1, 5 and 16; 6, 2, 7; Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11; Gell. 1, 20, 5.—
    b.
    Transf. beyond the mercant. sphere.
    (α).
    Rationem alicujus, to consider, calculate, care for one's advantage or interest (a favorite expression of Cicero):

    duxi meam rationem, quam tibi facile me probaturum arbitrabar,

    Cic. Att. 8, 11 D, § 7; so,

    suam quoque rationem,

    to have respect to one's own advantage, id. Verr. 2, 1, 48; and:

    non minorem aratorum quam populi rationem,

    Suet. Aug. 42 fin.:

    salutis meae rationem,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3:

    rationem officii, non commodi,

    id. Sest. 10, 23; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 44, 128:

    unius cujusque temporis ducta ratio est,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 16:

    rationem officii atque existimationis,

    id. Quint. 16, 53.—
    (β).
    In gen., to reckon, consider, hold, account, esteem as any thing (cf. aestimo and existimo;

    very freq. in prose and poetry): parvi id ducebat,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24:

    pro nihilo aliquid,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 85; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 16 fin.; id. Tusc. 5, 32, 90; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28:

    ea pro falsis ducit,

    Sall. C. 3, 2; cf.:

    innocentiam pro malevolentia,

    id. ib. 12, 1:

    vos eritis judices, Laudin' an vitio duci id factum oportuit,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 5; so,

    aliquid honori,

    Sall. J. 11, 3:

    aliquid laudi, Nep. praef. § 4: aliquem despicatui,

    Cic. Fl. 27, 65: nihil praeter virtutem in bonis ducere (for which, shortly after, in bonis habere = numerare), Cic. Fin. 3, 3;

    aliquem in numero hostium,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 25 fin.; Caes. B. G. 6, 32, 1; cf. ib. 6, 23, 8; without in, ib. 6, 21, 2; cf.:

    aliquem loco affinium,

    Sall. J. 14, 1 Kritz. N. cr.: aliquid testimonii loco, Quint. 5, 9, 10:

    tutelae nostrae duximus, cum Africo bello urgerentur,

    Liv. 21, 41; cf.:

    officii duxit exorare filiae patrem, etc.,

    Suet. Tib. 11:

    faceret, quod e republica fideque sua duceret,

    id. ib. 25, 7 et saep.:

    malum cum amici tuum ducis malum,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 48; cf.:

    Archytas iracundiam seditionem quandam animi vere ducebat,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 38:

    eorum, quos idoneos ducebat, consilium habet,

    Sall. J. 62, 4:

    nil rectum nisi quod placuit sibi ducunt,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 83.— With acc. and inf.:

    sic equidem ducebam animo rebarque futurum,

    Verg. A. 6, 690:

    ut omnia tua in te posita esse ducas humanosque casus virtute inferiores putes,

    Cic. Lael. 2, 7, 19 fin.; id. Rep. 1, 2; 1, 17; 1, 38; 3, 9 (three times); Sall. J. 93, 5; Liv. 22, 14, 6; 22, 59, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 2; 4, 30, 2; 6, 18 et saep.—Here too probably belongs the much disputed passage: ludos et inania honoris medio rationis atque abundantiae duxit (= ludos publicos cum aliis rebus quae ad inania honoris pertinent, duxit, i. e. existimavit habendos et ponendos in medio rationis atque abundantiae, ut inter rationem, quae plane spernit inania, et abundantiam, quae eadem ostentat, media via incederet), he thought right to manage them in a middle course between reason and profusion, Tac. Agr. 6 fin., v. Dübner and Orell. ad h. l.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > duco

  • 8 ex

    ex or ē (ex always before vowels, and elsewh. more freq. than e; e. g. in Cic. Rep. e occurs 19 times, but ex 61 times, before consonants—but no rule can be given for the usage; cf., e. g., ex and e together:

    qui ex corporum vinculis tamquam e carcere evolaverunt,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 14. But certain expressions have almost constantly the same form, as ex parte, ex sententia, ex senatus consulto, ex lege, ex tempore, etc.; but e regione, e re nata, e vestigio, e medio, and e republica used adverbially; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 756 sq.), praep. with abl. [kindr. with Gr. ek, ex], denotes out from the interior of a thing, in opposition to in (cf. ab and de init.), out of, from.
    I.
    In space.
    A.
    Prop.:

    interea e portu nostra navis solvitur, Ubi portu exiimus, etc.,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 54:

    quam (sphaeram) M. Marcelli avus captis Syracusis ex urbe locupletissima atque ornatissima sustulisset, cum aliud nihil ex tanta praeda domum suam deportavisset,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 14:

    influxit non tenuis quidam e Graecia rivulus in hanc urbem,

    id. ib. 2, 19:

    visam, ecquae advenerit In portum ex Epheso navis mercatoria,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 3, 2, 5;

    3, 6, 32 al.: magno de flumine malim quam ex hoc fonticulo tantundem sumere,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 56; cf.:

    nec vos de paupere mensa Dona nec e puris spernite fictilibus,

    Tib. 1, 1, 38:

    clanculum ex aedibus me edidi foras,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 9; so freq. with verbs compounded with ex; also with verbs compounded with ab and de, v. abeo, abscedo, amoveo, aveho, etc.; decedo, deduco, defero, deicio, etc.—
    2.
    In a downward direction, from, down from, from off:

    ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidisse,

    Cic. Fat. 3, 6; cf. Liv. 35, 21:

    picis e caelo demissum flumen,

    Lucr. 6, 257:

    equestribus proeliis saepe ex equis desiliunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 2, 3; cf.:

    cecidisse ex equo dicitur,

    Cic. Clu. 62 fin.:

    e curru trahitur,

    id. Rep. 2, 41:

    e curru desilit,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 559 et saep., v. cado, decido, decurro, deduco, delabor, elabor, etc.—
    3.
    In an upward direction, from, above:

    collis paululum ex planitie editus,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8, 3:

    globum terrae eminentem e mari,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 28;

    and trop.: consilia erigendae ex tam gravi casu rei publicae,

    Liv. 6, 2.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To indicate the country, and, in gen., the place from or out of which any person or thing comes, from:

    ex Aethiopia est usque haec,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 18:

    quod erat ex eodem municipio,

    Cic. Clu. 17, 49; cf. id. ib. 5, 11.—Freq. without a verb:

    Philocrates ex Alide,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 2, 10:

    ex Aethiopia ancillula,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 85 Ruhnk.:

    negotiator ex Africa,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5:

    Epicurei e Graecia,

    id. N. D. 1, 21, 58:

    Q. Junius ex Hispania quidam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 27:

    ex India elephanti,

    Liv. 35, 32:

    civis Romanus e conventu Panhormitano,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54 Zumpt; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 59 fin.:

    meretrix e proxumo,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 38; cf. id. Aul. 2, 4, 11:

    puer ex aula (sc. regis barbari),

    Hor. C. 1, 29, 7:

    ex spelunca saxum,

    Cic. Fat. 3, 6:

    saxum ex capitolio,

    Liv. 35, 21, 6:

    ex equo cadere,

    Cic. Clu. 32, 175; cf. id. Fat. 3, 6; Auct. B. Hisp. 15 et saep.—
    2.
    To indicate the place from which any thing is done or takes place, from, down from: ibi tum derepente ex alto in altum despexit mare, Enn. ap. Non. 518, 6 (for which:

    a summo caelo despicere,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 87; and:

    de vertice montis despicere,

    id. M. 11, 503); cf.:

    T. Labienus... ex loco superiore conspicatus, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4:

    ex qua (villa) jam audieram fremitum clientium meorum,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 3:

    ex hoc ipso loco permulta contra legem eam verba fecisti,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; so id. ib. 8 fin.; cf.:

    judices aut e plano aut e quaesitoris tribunali admonebat,

    Suet. Tib. 33:

    ex equo, ex prora, ex puppi pugnare,

    Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 202 and 209; cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 3:

    ex vinculis causam dicere,

    id. ib. 1, 4, 1; Liv. 29, 19.—Hence the adverbial expressions, ex adverso, ex diverso, ex contrario, e regione, ex parte, e vestigio, etc.; v. the words adversus, diversus, etc.—Also, ex itinere, during or on a journey, on the march, without halting, Cic. Fam. 3, 9; Sall. C. 34, 2; Liv. 35, 24; Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 1; 3, 21, 2; id. B. C. 1, 24, 4; Sall. J. 56, 3 al.; cf.

    also: ex fuga,

    during the flight, Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 6; id. B. C. 3, 95; 96 fin.; Sall. J. 54, 4 Kritz.; Liv. 6, 29; 28, 23 al.
    II.
    In time.
    A.
    From a certain point of time, i. e. immediately after, directly after, after (in this sense more freq. than ab):

    Cotta ex consulatu est profectus in Galliam,

    Cic. Brut. 92, 318; so,

    ex consulatu,

    Liv. 4, 31 Drak.; 40, 1 fin.; 22, 49; 27, 34; Vell. 2, 33, 1 al.:

    ex praetura,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53; id. Mur. 7, 15; Caes. B. C. 1, 22, 4; 1, 31, 2:

    ex dictatura,

    Liv. 10, 5 fin.:

    ex eo magistratu,

    Vell. 2, 31 et saep.; cf.:

    Agrippa ex Asia (pro consule eam provinciam annuo imperio tenuerat) Moesiae praepositus est,

    Tac. H. 3, 46 fin.:

    statim e somno lavantur,

    id. G. 22:

    tanta repente vilitas annonae ex summa inopia et caritate rei frumentariae consecuta est,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 44; cf. Liv. 21, 39:

    ex aliquo graviore actu personam deponere,

    Quint. 6, 2, 35:

    mulier ex partu si, etc.,

    Cels. 2, 8:

    ex magnis rupibus nactus planitiem,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 70, 3; cf.: ex maximo bello tantum otium totae insulae conciliavit, ut, etc., Nop. Timol. 3, 2; and:

    ex magna desperatione tandem saluti redditus,

    Just. 12, 10, 1 et saep.:

    ex quo obses Romae fuit,

    since he was a hostage in Rome, Liv. 40, 5 fin. —So the phrase, aliud ex alio, one thing after another:

    me quotidie aliud ex alio impedit,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 19 fin.; Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14 (cf. also, alius, D.):

    aliam rem ex alia cogitare,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 3:

    alia ex aliis iniquiora postulando,

    Liv. 4, 2.—So, too, diem ex die exspectabam, one day after another, from day to day, Cic. Att. 7, 26 fin.; cf.:

    diem ex die ducere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 5 (v. dies, I. A. b.).—
    2.
    With names of office or calling, to denote one who has completed his term of office, or has relinquished his vocation. So in class. Lat. very dub.;

    for the passage,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 46, 4, belongs more correctly under III. B. It is, however, very common in post-class. Lat., esp. in inscriptions—ex consule, ex comite, ex duce, ex equite, ex praefecto, etc.— an ex-consul, etc. (for which, without good MS. authority, the nominatives exconsul, excomes, exdux, etc., are sometimes assumed, in analogy with proconsul, and subvillicus; cf. Schneid. Gram. 1, p. 562, note, and the authors there cited):

    vir excelsus ex quaestore et ex consule Tribonianus,

    Cod. Just. 1, 17, 2, § 9; cf.:

    Pupienus et Balbinus, ambo ex consulibus,

    Capitol. Gord. 22:

    duo ante ipsam aram a Gallicano ex consulibus et Maecenate ex ducibus interempti sunt,

    id. ib.:

    mandabat Domitiano, ex comite largitionum, praefecto, ut, etc.,

    Amm. 14, 7, 9:

    Serenianus ex duce,

    id. 14, 7, 7:

    INLVSTRIS EX PRAEFECTO praeTORIO ET EX PRAEFECTO VRbis,

    Inscr. Orell. 2355 al., v. Inscr. Orell. in Indice, p. 525.—

    And of a period of life: quem si Constans Imperator olim ex adulto jamque maturum audiret, etc.,

    i. e. who had outgrown the period of youth, and was now a man, Amm. 16, 7.—
    B.
    From and after a given time, from... onward, from, since (cf. ab, II. A. 2.):

    bonus volo jam ex hoc die esse,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 10:

    itaque ex eo tempore res esse in vadimonium coepit,

    Cic. Quint. 5 fin.:

    nec vero usquam discedebam, nec a republica deiciebam oculos, ex eo die, quo, etc.,

    id. Phil. 1, 1:

    ex aeterno tempore,

    id. Fin. 1, 6, 17:

    ex hoc die,

    id. Rep. 1, 16:

    motum ex Metello consule civicum tractas,

    from the consulship of Metellus, Hor. C. 2, 1, 1:

    C. Pompeius Diogenes ex Kalendis Juliis cenaculum locat,

    Petr. 38, 10; so usually in forms of hiring; cf. Garaton. Cic. Phil. 2, 39, 100:

    ex ea die ad hanc diem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12 fin.:

    memoria tenent, me ex Kalendis Januariis ad hanc horam invigilasse rei publicae,

    id. Phil. 14, 7, 20.—Esp.: ex quo (sc. tempore), since: [p. 670] octavus annus est, ex quo, etc., Tac. Agr. 33; id. A. 14, 53:

    sextus decimus dies agitur, ex quo,

    id. H. 1, 29:

    sextus mensis est, ex quo,

    Curt. 10, 6, 9; Hor. Ep. 11, 5; so,

    ex eo,

    Tac. A. 12, 7; Suet. Caes. 22:

    ex illo,

    Ov. F. 5, 670; Stat. Silv. 1, 2, 81.—
    C.
    Less freq. in specifying a future date (after which something is to be done), from, after:

    Romae vereor ne ex Kal. Jan. magni tumultus sint,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 3:

    hunc judicem ex Kal. Jan. non habemus... ex Kal. Jan. non judicabunt,

    id. Verr. 1, 10:

    ex Idibus Mart.... ex Idibus Mai.,

    id. Att. 5, 21, 9.
    III.
    In other relations, and in gen. where a going out or forth, a coming or springing out of any thing is conceivable.
    A.
    With verbs of taking out, or, in gen., of taking, receiving, deriving (both physically and mentally; so of perceiving, comprehending, inquiring, learning, hoping, etc.), away from, from, out of, of:

    solem e mundo tollere videntur, qui amicitiam e vita tollunt,

    Cic. Lael. 13, 47:

    ex omni populo deligendi potestas,

    id. Agr. 2, 9, 23:

    agro ex hoste capto,

    Liv. 41, 14, 3:

    cui cum liceret majores ex otio fructus capere,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4:

    ex populo Romano bona accipere,

    Sall. J. 102:

    majorem laetitiam ex desiderio bonorum percepimus, quam ex laetitia improborum dolorem,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4:

    quaesierat ex me Scipio,

    id. ib. 1, 13:

    ex te requirunt,

    id. ib. 2, 38:

    de quo studeo ex te audire, quid sentias,

    id. ib. 1, 11 fin.; 1, 30; 1, 46; 2, 38; cf.:

    intellexi ex tuis litteris te ex Turannio audisse, etc.,

    id. Att. 6, 9, 3:

    ex eo cum ab ineunte ejus aetate bene speravissem,

    id. Fam. 13, 16 et saep.; cf.:

    ex aliqua re aliquid nominare,

    id. N. D. 2, 20, 51:

    vocare,

    Tac. G. 2, 4; cf. id. ib. 4, 55; Sall. J. 5, 4.—
    B.
    In specifying a multitude from which something is taken, or of which it forms a part, out of, of:

    qui ex civitate in senatum, ex senatu in hoc consilium delecti estis,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 3 fin.:

    e vectoribus sorte ductus,

    id. Rep. 1, 34:

    ecquis est ex tanto populo, qui? etc.,

    id. Rab. Post. 17:

    homo ex numero disertorum postulabat, ut, etc.,

    id. de Or. 1, 37, 168: Q. Fulgentius, ex primo hastato (sc. ordine) legionis XIV., i. e. a soldier of the first division of hastati of the 14 th legion, Caes. B. C. 1, 46;

    v. hastatus: e barbaris ipsis nulli erant maritimi,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 4:

    unus ex illis decemviris,

    id. ib. 2, 37:

    ex omnibus seculis vix tria aut quatuor nominantur paria amicorum,

    id. Lael. 4, 15:

    aliquis ex vobis,

    id. Cael. 3, 7; id. Fam. 13, 1 fin.: id enim ei ex ovo videbatur aurum declarasse;

    reliquum, argentum,

    this of the egg, id. Div. 2, 65:

    quo e collegio (sc. decemvirorum),

    id. Rep. 2, 36:

    virgines ex sacerdotio Vestae,

    Flor. 1, 13, 12:

    alia ex hoc quaestu,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 29 Ruhnk.; cf.:

    fuit eodem ex studio vir eruditus apud patres nostros,

    Cic. Mur. 36; Ov. Am. 2, 5, 54; Sen. Ben. 3, 9; id. Ep. 52, 3:

    qui sibi detulerat ex latronibus suis principatum,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 3:

    est tibi ex his, qui assunt, bella copia,

    id. Rep. 2, 40:

    Batavi non multum ex ripa, sed insulam Rheni amnis colunt,

    Tac. G. 29:

    acerrimum autem ex omnibus nostris sensibus esse sensum videndi,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357:

    ex tribus istis modis rerum publicarum velim scire quod optimum judices,

    id. Rep. 1, 30; cf. id. ib. 1, 35 et saep.—
    2.
    Sometimes a circumlocution for the subject. gen., of (cf. de):

    has (turres) altitudo puppium ex barbaris navibus superabat,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 4:

    album ex ovo cum rosa mixtum,

    Cels. 4, 20:

    ex fraxino frondes, ex leguminibus paleae,

    Col. 7, 3, 21 sq. —
    C.
    To indicate the material of which any thing is made or consists, of:

    fenestrae e viminibus factae,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 6; cf.:

    statua ex aere facta,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21; and:

    ex eo auro buculam curasse faciendam,

    id. Div. 1, 24:

    substramen e palea,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 10, 4:

    pocula ex auro, vas vinarium ex una gemma pergrandi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27:

    monilia e gemmis,

    Suet. Calig. 56:

    farina ex faba,

    Cels. 5, 28:

    potiones ex absinthio,

    id. ib. et saep.:

    Ennius (i. e. statua ejus) constitutus ex marmore,

    Cic. Arch. 9 fin.; cf. id. Ac. 2, 31, 100:

    (homo) qui ex animo constet et corpore caduco et infirmo,

    id. N. D. 1, 35, 98:

    natura concreta ex pluribus naturis,

    id. ib. 3, 14; id. Rep. 1, 45; id. Ac. 1, 2, 6: cum Epicuro autem hoc est plus negotii, quod e duplici genere voluptatis conjunctus est, id. Fin. 2, 14, 44 et saep.—
    D.
    To denote technically the material, out of, i. e. with which any thing to eat or drink, etc., is mixed or prepared (esp. freq. of medical preparations):

    resinam ex melle Aegyptiam,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 28:

    quo pacto ex jure hesterno panem atrum vorent,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 17:

    bibat jejunus ex aqua castoreum,

    Cels. 3, 23:

    aqua ex lauro decocta,

    id. 4, 2; cf.:

    farina tritici ex aceto cocta,

    Plin. 22, 25, 57, § 120:

    pullum hirundinis servatum ex sale,

    Cels. 4, 4:

    nuclei pinei ex melle, panis vel elota alica ex aqua mulsa (danda est),

    id. 4, 7 et saep.—So of the mixing of colors or flavors:

    bacae e viridi rubentes,

    Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 127:

    frutex ramosus, bacis e nigro rufis,

    id. ib. §

    132: id solum e rubro lacteum traditur,

    id. 12, 14, 30, § 52:

    e viridi pallens,

    id. 37, 8, 33, § 110:

    apes ex aureolo variae,

    Col. 9, 3, 2:

    sucus ex austero dulcis,

    Plin. 13, 9, 18, § 62; 21, 8, 26, § 50:

    ex dulci acre,

    id. 11, 15, 15, § 39; cf.

    trop.: erat totus ex fraude et mendacio factus,

    Cic. Clu. 26.—
    E.
    To indicate the cause or reason of any thing, from, through, by, by reason of, on account of:

    cum esset ex aere alieno commota civitas,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 33:

    ex doctrina nobilis et clarus,

    id. Rab. Post. 9, 23:

    ex vulnere aeger,

    id. Rep. 2, 21; cf.:

    ex renibus laborare,

    id. Tusc. 2, 25:

    ex gravitate loci vulgari morbos,

    Liv. 25, 26:

    ex vino vacillantes, hesterna ex potatione oscitantes,

    Quint. 8, 33, 66:

    gravida e Pamphilo est,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 11:

    credon' tibi hoc, nunc peperisse hanc e Pamphilo?

    id. ib. 3, 2, 17:

    ex se nati,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 35:

    ex quodam conceptus,

    id. ib. 2, 21:

    ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum,

    id. ib. 1, 44:

    ex hac maxima libertate tyrannis gignitur,

    id. ib. et saep.:

    ex te duplex nos afficit sollicitudo,

    Cic. Brut. 97, 332; cf.:

    quoniam tum ex me doluisti, nunc ut duplicetur tuum ex me gaudium, praestabo,

    id. Fam. 16, 21, 3:

    in spem victoriae adductus ex opportunitate loci,

    Sall. J. 48, 2:

    veritus ex anni tempore et inopia aquae, ne siti conficeretur exercitus,

    id. ib. 50, 1 et saep.:

    ex Transalpinis gentibus triumphare,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 18; id. Off. 2, 8, 28; cf. id. Fam. 3, 10, 1:

    gens Fabia saepe ex opulentissima Etrusca civitate victoriam tulit,

    Liv. 2, 50:

    ex tam propinquis stativis parum tuta frumentatio erat,

    i. e. on account of the proximity of the two camps, Liv. 31, 36:

    qua ex causa cum bellum Romanis Sabini intulissent,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 7:

    hic mihi (credo equidem ex hoc, quod eramus locuti) Africanus se ostendit,

    id. ib. 6, 10:

    quod ex eo sciri potest, quia, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 18 fin.; cf. id. Leg. 1, 15, 43:

    causa... fuit ex eo, quod, etc.,

    id. Phil. 6, 1:

    ex eo fieri, ut, etc.,

    id. Lael. 13, 46:

    ex quo fit, ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 43:

    e quo efficitur, non ut, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 5, 15 et saep.—Sometimes between two substantives without a verb:

    non minor ex aqua postea quam ab hostibus clades,

    Flor. 4, 10, 8:

    ex nausea vomitus,

    Cels. 4, 5:

    ex hac clade atrox ira,

    Liv. 2, 51, 6:

    metus ex imperatore, contemptio ex barbaris,

    Tac. A. 11, 20:

    ex legato timor,

    id. Agr. 16 et saep.—
    2.
    In partic., to indicate that from which any thing derives its name, from, after, on account of:

    cui postea Africano cognomen ex virtute fuit,

    Sall. J. 5, 4; cf. Flor. 2, 6, 11:

    cui (sc. Tarquinio) cognomen Superbo ex moribus datum,

    id. 1, 7, 1:

    nomen ex vitio positum,

    Ov. F. 2, 601:

    quarum ex disparibus motionibus magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 20; id. Leg. 1, 8; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 12; Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 123:

    holosteon sine duritia est, herba ex adverso appellata a Graecis,

    id. 27, 10, 65, § 91:

    quam urbem e suo nomine Romam jussit nominari,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 7:

    e nomine (nominibus),

    id. ib. 2, 20; Tac. A. 4, 55; id. G. 2; Just. 15, 4, 8; 20, 5, 9 et saep.—
    F.
    To indicate a transition, i. e. a change, alteration, from one state or condition to another, from, out of:

    si possum tranquillum facere ex irato mihi,

    Plaut. Cist. 3, 21:

    fierent juvenes subito ex infantibus parvis,

    Lucr. 1, 186:

    dii ex hominibus facti,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 10:

    ut exsistat ex rege dominus, ex optimatibus factio, ex populo turba et confusio,

    id. ib. 1, 45:

    nihil est tam miserabile quam ex beato miser,

    id. Part. 17; cf.:

    ex exsule consul,

    id. Manil. 4, 46:

    ex perpetuo annuum placuit, ex singulari duplex,

    Flor. 1, 9, 2: tua virtute nobis Romanos ex amicis amicissimos fecisti, Sall. J. 10:

    ex alto sapore excitati,

    Curt. 7, 11, 18.—
    G.
    Ex (e) re, ex usu or ex injuria, to or for the advantage or injury of any one:

    ex tua re non est, ut ego emoriar,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102; 104; cf. Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 76: Cervius haec inter vicinus garrit aniles Ex re fabellas, i. e. fitting, suitable, pertinent (= pro commodo, quae cum re proposita conveniant), Hor. S. 2, 6, 78:

    aliquid facere bene et e re publica,

    for the good, the safety of the state, Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 25:

    e (not ex) re publica,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 30; 8, 4, 13; id. de Or. 2, 28, 124; id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; Liv. 23, 24; Suet. Caes. 19 et saep.:

    exque re publica,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36:

    non ex usu nostro est,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 60; Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 10; Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 2; 1, 50 fin.; 5, 6 fin. al.; cf.:

    ex utilitate,

    Plin. Pan. 67, 4; Tac. A. 15, 43:

    ex nullius injuria,

    Liv. 45, 44, 11.—
    H.
    To designate the measure or rule, according to, after, in conformity with which any thing is done:

    (majores) primum jurare EX SVI ANIMI SENTENTIA quemque voluerunt,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 47 fin. (cf. Beier, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108, and the references):

    ex omnium sententia constitutum est, etc.,

    id. Clu. 63, 177; cf.:

    ex senatus sententia,

    id. Fam. 12, 4:

    ex collegii sententia,

    Liv. 4, 53:

    ex amicorum sententia,

    id. 40, 29:

    ex consilii sententia,

    id. 45, 29 et saep.; cf.

    also: ex sententia, i. q. ex voluntate,

    according to one's wish, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 96: Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 32; Cic. Fam. 12, 10, 2; id. Att. 5, 21 al.;

    and, in a like sense: ex mea sententia,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 1; id. Merc. 2, 3, 36:

    ex senatus consulto,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 18; Sall. C. 42 fin.:

    ex edicto, ex decreto,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 56 fin.; id. Quint. 8, 30:

    ex lege,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 19; id. Clu. 37, 103; id. Inv. 1, 38, 68: ex jure, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10, 4 (Ann. v. 276 ed. Vahl.); Varr. L. L. 6, § 64 Mull.; Cic. Mur. 12, 26; id. de Or. 1, 10, 41:

    ex foedere,

    Liv. 1, 23 et saep.:

    hunccine erat aequum ex illius more, an illum ex hujus vivere?

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 29; so,

    ex more,

    Sall. J. 61, 3; Verg. A. 5, 244; 8, 186; Ov. M. 14, 156; 15, 593; Plin. Ep. 3, 18; Flor. 4, 2, 79 al.; cf.:

    ex consuetudine,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 38; Caes. B. G. 1, 52, 4; 4, 32, 1; Sall. J. 71, 4; Quint. 2, 7, 1 al.:

    quod esse volunt e virtute, id est honeste vivere,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 34:

    ex sua libidine moderantur,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 4; cf. Sall. C. 8, 1:

    ut magis ex animo rogare nihil possim,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 8, 3:

    eorum ex ingenio ingenium horum probant,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 42; cf. Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 118; Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A.:

    leges ex utilitate communi, non ex scriptione, quae in litteris est, interpretari,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 38; cf. id. Lael. 6, 21:

    nemo enim illum ex trunco corporis spectabat, sed ex artificio comico aestimabat,

    id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28; cf. Sall. C. 10, 5; Caes. B. G. 3, 20, 1; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2 al.:

    ex tuis verbis meum futurum corium pulcrum praedicas,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 19; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 17; id. Att. 1, 3:

    nunc quae scribo, scribo ex opinione hominum atque fama,

    id. Fam. 12, 4 fin.:

    scripsit Tiberio, non ut profugus aut supplex, sed ex memoria prioris fortunae,

    Tac. A. 2, 63: quamquam haec quidem res non solum ex domestica est ratione;

    attingit etiam bellicam,

    Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76; cf. id. Quint. 11; 15 et saep.—E re rata, v. ratus.—
    I.
    To form adverbial expressions, such as: ex aequo, ex commodo, ex contrario, ex composito, ex confesso, ex destinato, ex diverso, ex facili, etc., ex affluenti, ex continenti;

    ex improviso, ex inopinato, etc., v. the words aequus, commodus, etc.

    ► Ex placed after its noun: variis ex,

     Lucr.
    2, 791:

    terris ex,

    id. 6, 788:

    quibus e sumus uniter apti,

    id. 3, 839; 5, 949.—E joined with que:

    que sacra quercu,

    Verg. E. 7, 13.
    IV.
    In composition, ex (cf. dis) before vowels and h, and before c, p, q, t (exagito, exeo, exigo, exoro, exuro, exhaurio; excedo, expello, exquiro, extraho); ef (sometimes ec) before f (effero, effluo, effringo; also in good MSS. ecfero, ecfari, ecfodio), elsewhere e (eblandior, educo, egredior, eicio, eligo, emitto, enitor, evado, eveho). A few exceptions are found, viz., in ex: epoto and epotus as well as expotus, and escendo as well as exscensio; in e: exbibo as well as ebibo; exballisto, exbola; exdorsuo; exfututa as well as effutuo; exfibulo; exlex, etc. After ex in compounds s is [p. 671] often elided in MSS. and edd. Both forms are correct, but the best usage and analogy favor the retaining of the s; so, exsaevio, exsanguis, exscensio, exscindo, exscribo, exsculpo, exseco, exsecror, exsequiae, exsequor, exsero, exsicco, exsilio, exsilium, exsisto, exsolvo, exsomnis, exsorbeo, exsors, exspecto, exspes, exspiro, exspolio, exspuo, exsterno, exstimulo, exstinguo, exstirpo, exsto, exstruo, exsudo, exsugo, exsul, exsulto, exsupero, exsurgo, exsuscito, and some others, with their derivv.; cf. Ribbeck, Prol. Verg. p. 445 sq. Only in escendere and escensio is the elision of x before s sustained by preponderant usage; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 766.—
    B.
    Signification.
    1.
    Primarily and most freq. of place, out or forth: exeo, elabor, educo, evado, etc.; and in an upward direction: emineo, effervesco, effero, erigo, exsurgo, exsulto, extollo, everto, etc.—Hence also, trop., out of ( a former nature), as in effeminare, qs. to change out of his own nature into that of a woman: effero, are, to render wild; thus ex comes to denote privation or negation, Engl. un-: exanimare, excusare, enodare, exonerare, effrenare, egelidus, I., elinguis, elumbis, etc.—
    2.
    Throughout, to the end: effervesco, effero, elugeo; so in the neuter verbs which in composition (esp. since the Aug. per.) become active: egredior, enavigo, eno, enitor, excedo, etc.—Hence, thoroughly, utterly, completely: elaudare, emori, enecare, evastare, evincere (but eminari and eminatio are false readings for minari and minatio; q. v.); and hence a simple enhancing of the principal idea: edurus, efferus, elamentabilis, egelidus, exacerbo, exaugeo, excolo, edisco, elaboro, etc. In many compounds, however, of post - Aug. and especially of post-class. Latinity this force of ex is no longer distinct; so in appellations of color: exalbidus, exaluminatus, etc.; so in exabusus, exambire, exancillatus, etc. Vid. Hand Turs. II. Pp. 613-662.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ex

  • 9 fermentum

    fermentum, i, n. [contr. for fervimentum, from fervo, ferveo], that which causes fermentation, leaven, yeast, ferment.
    I.
    Lit., Plin. 18, 11, 26, § 102; 18, 7, 12, § 68:

    panis sine fermento,

    unleavened bread, Cels. 2, 24; 30; Vulg. Levit. 2, 4.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    That which loosens the soil, Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 159; cf. Col. 4, 1, 7.—
    2. II.
    Trop., anger, passion ( poet. and very rare):

    (uxor) nunc in fermento tota est, ita turget mihi,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 17; id. Merc. 5, 3, 3.— Poet. transf., of the cause of anger or vexation:

    accipe et istud Fermentum tibi habe,

    Juv. 3, 188.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > fermentum

  • 10 proluo

    prō-lŭo, lŭi, lūtum, 3, v. a., to wash forth or out, to cast out (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose; not found in Cic.; once in Cæs.; v. infra).
    I.
    Lit.:

    genus omne natantum Litore in extremo... fluctus Proluit,

    Verg. G. 3, 543;

    ventrem,

    i. e. to cause diarrhœa, Col. 7, 3, 25.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    To wash off or away:

    tempestas ex omnibus montibus nives proluit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 48:

    impetus aquarum proluit terram,

    Col. 2, 18, 5; cf.:

    silvas Eridanus,

    Verg. G. 1, 481; id. A. 12, 686.—Hence, *
    2.
    Trop., to make away with property:

    pecuniam prandiorum gurgitibus,

    to squander, dissipate, Gell. 2, 24, 11.—
    B.
    To moisten, wet, wash:

    in vivo prolue rore manus,

    Ov. F. 4, 778:

    ensem,

    i. e. with blood, Sil. 15, 304:

    cruor proluit pectora,

    Stat. Th. 8, 711.— Poet., of drinking:

    leni praecordia mulso Prolueris melius,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 26:

    se pleno auro,

    Verg. A. 1, 739;

    multā prolutus vappā,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 16:

    nec fonte labra prolui caballino,

    Pers. prol. 1.—In comic lang.: cloacam (i. e. ventrem), to wash out the stomach, i. e. to drink one's fill, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 29.—
    C.
    To overflow, inundate (postclass.): prolutas esse regiones imbribus, App. de Mundo, p. 73, 26.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proluo

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